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patent holding company
A patent holding company (PHC) exists to hold patents on behalf of one or more other companies but does not necessarily manufacture products or supply services based upon the patents held.
Patent holding companies may exist for tax reasons.〔http://www.taxation.co.uk/taxation/Articles/2013/02/27/303351/patent-transfer〕 However, PHCs which aggressively seek to enforce patent rights through litigation or threats of litigation are referred to as patent assertion entities (PAEs) or, more pejoratively, patent trolls.〔(Obama Plans to Take Action Against Patent-Holding Firms ), By JARED A. FAVOLE And BRENT KENDALL, June 4 2013, The Wall Street Journal.〕〔(AICPA Updates the Profession on Patent Holding Companies (PHCs) ), July 2, 2013, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants〕
==Patent trolling==
(詳細はNational Economic Council and Council of Economic Advisers released a report entitled ''Patent Assertion and U.S. Innovation'' that found significant harm to the economy from patent assertion entities and made recommendations to address them.〔(Patent Assertion and U.S. Innovation ), Executive Office of the President, June 2013〕 U.S. President Barack Obama also addressed the issue, criticizing companies that did not produce anything themselves and existed only to "leverage and hijack somebody else's idea and see if they can extort some money out of them".〔(Obama cracks down on patent trolls ), June 4 2013, by David Goldman, CNNMoney.com〕〔(Obama Orders Regulators to Root Out ‘Patent Trolls’ ), June 4 2013, by Edward Wyatt, New York Times〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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